What does deontology focus on when assessing the morality of an action?

Deontology centers on the adherence to moral rules and duties when evaluating the morality of an action. This ethical framework asserts that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined not by the outcomes it produces, but by whether it aligns with established moral principles and duties. In this view, ethical behavior consists of following rules or obligations that are considered inherently right, regardless of the consequences.

For instance, a deontologist might argue that lying is wrong, even if telling a lie could result in a positive outcome, because the act of lying violates a moral duty to be truthful. This distinguishes deontology from consequentialist theories, which judge actions solely based on their results. Additionally, deontology does not prioritize the feelings of those affected or the intent behind the action; instead, it focuses explicitly on the adherence to known moral guidelines, making it a unique approach in moral philosophy.