What is "moral relativism"?

Moral relativism is the idea that moral judgments and ethical standards are not universally applicable but rather are shaped by cultural contexts and social norms. This perspective suggests that what is considered "right" or "wrong" can vary significantly from one culture to another, meaning that moral values are not absolute but rather contingent upon social agreements and practices.

Proponents of moral relativism argue that this view promotes tolerance and understanding among different cultures, as it acknowledges that differing moral frameworks fulfill unique needs in various societal contexts. Moreover, it encourages the idea that moral beliefs should not be imposed on others, as they may not hold the same cultural background or values.

The other choices present ideas that do not align with the concept of moral relativism. Believing in objective moral truths implies an absolute standard of morality, which contradicts the essence of moral relativism. A fixed approach to ethical standards suggests a rigidity that does not account for the variability of belief systems across cultures. Assuming all moral viewpoints are equal, while it may seem related, leans towards a different argument; it suggests that all perspectives have equal merit without the critique or acknowledgment of cultural context, which does not accurately describe moral relativism.