What is the central concept in Aristotle's ethical philosophy?

Aristotle's ethical philosophy centers around the concept of eudaimonia, which is often translated as "human flourishing" or "well-being." Eudaimonia is the ultimate goal that individuals strive to achieve in life, and it is accomplished through the practice of virtues. According to Aristotle, living virtuously leads to a fulfilling and meaningful life, as virtues are qualities that enable individuals to act in accordance with reason and to achieve their highest potential.

In contrast to mere pleasure or transient happiness, eudaimonia encompasses a holistic view of what it means to live well and contribute positively to oneself and society. Aristotle posited that virtues, such as courage, temperance, and justice, are dispositions to act in ways that promote human flourishing. Thus, the focus on cultivating these virtues as a means to achieve eudaimonia is foundational to his ethical thought.

The other options do not align with Aristotle's comprehensive view. For instance, while the pursuit of happiness is relevant, it cannot be simply linked to wealth accumulation or material gain, which Aristotle did not equate with true happiness. The notion that virtue can be attained solely through reason overlooks the importance of habituation and moral development that Aristotle emphasized. Finally, the idea of moral laws